A study conducted by Kuwait University's Center for Gulf and Arabian Peninsula Studies has pinpointed Al-Ahmadi and Jahra governorates as the most suitable regions for solar photovoltaic systems. These areas, covering approximately 2,515 square kilometers, represent 14% of Kuwait’s total land area, as reported by Al Rai newspaper.

The study revealed that 80.2% of these sites are situated in Al-Ahmadi, while Jahra accounts for the remainder. Impressively, utilizing just 15% of these locations could sustainably generate electricity exceeding Kuwait’s annual power production.

Harnessing Solar Potential: Key Findings

The research estimates a total potential energy generation of 70.213 GWh/year from these sites—106% of Kuwait’s total electricity production in 2016, which was 65.950 GWh/year. This highlights the immense potential of renewable energy sources in meeting the nation’s power demands.

Criteria for Site Selection

The study employed geographic information systems to identify optimal locations, considering four primary factors:

• Solar Radiation Levels: Ensuring maximum sunlight exposure.
• Natural Suitability: Selecting regions with favorable geographical conditions.
• Cost-Effectiveness: Balancing development and operational expenses.
• Land Availability: Prioritizing larger, unoccupied areas for scalability.

These indicators enabled researchers to pinpoint the most suitable regions, predominantly in Kuwait’s western, central, and southern zones.

Overcoming Challenges in Solar Energy Expansion

While solar energy offers numerous advantages—such as minimal environmental impact and energy security—the study highlighted challenges like reduced efficiency during Kuwait’s extreme summer temperatures. Addressing this requires innovative solutions to improve photovoltaic system performance under high-temperature conditions.

Strategic Importance of Renewable Energy

The transition to renewable energy is vital for reducing reliance on fossil fuels, mitigating environmental degradation, and combating global warming. Kuwait and other Gulf nations are investing in clean energy to diversify their energy mix and foster sustainable development.

Kuwait’s Growing Energy Demand

Kuwait’s electricity sector has grown significantly over the past three decades, with per capita electricity consumption rising by 55% between 1990 and 2020. At 17.1 MWh per capita in 2020, Kuwait’s electricity use surpasses Germany (7 MWh) and even the United States (13 MWh).

Recommendations for Future Development

To optimize solar energy systems, the study proposed a multi-step approach:

1. Location Selection: Identify high-suitability areas.
2. Data Preparation: Gather detailed geographical and climatic data.
3. Composite Suitability Index: Develop an index based on the four spatial indicators.
4. Optimal Positioning: Choose sites with the highest solar radiation levels.

Driving Toward a Sustainable Future

Solar photovoltaic systems in Kuwait have the potential to meet and exceed the nation’s electricity demands while supporting environmental goals. Strategic investments and innovations in renewable energy will ensure a greener, more sustainable future for Kuwait.